D3064: The impact of corn earworm on the transcriptional levels of cannabinoid synthase genes in hemp plant

Following the legalization of industrial hemp with THC levels below 0.3% by dry weight, there has been a substantial increase in hemp production due to its diverse applications and therapeutic potential. Hemp growers face several challenges growing hemp. One of the challenges is the availability of feasible pest management solutions. Insect pests such as corn earworms emerged as one of the key pest problems in hemp production. Several studies revealed that heavy insect herbivory can change the chemistry of plants. It has been widely hypothesized that insect herbivory might increase the concentration of THC to surpass the legally permitted limit, posing challenges for hemp growers. While research suggests hemp extracts containing cannabinoids like THC and CBD may repel insects, the specific mechanisms and effectiveness for resistance require further investigation. Corn Earworm (CEW) is a key insect pest for hemp in the Delmarva region. However, the impact of CEW on the genes responsible for cannabinoid synthesis in hemp is not well studied. This study investigated the impact of CEW infestation on the expression of CBDAS and THCAS genes, responsible for CBD and THC production, in the 'Boax' hemp variety. 10 Seedlings were grown in a growth chamber. At the early flowering stage, five hemp plants were exposed to CEW; the remaining five were used as a control. Flower buds with leaves were collected in liquid nitrogen, and RNA was extracted bymanufacturer's protocol. The gene expression of four genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids will be quantified using QPCR.